Orthokeratologic lenses, also known as night lenses, are a modern method of correcting nearsightedness and astigmatism, offering an effective solution for patients of all ages. These lenses have a dual benefit: they correct vision during wear and help slow the progression of myopia by reducing the growth in length of the eyeball. These lenses work by temporarily changing the shape of the cornea during the night. The lens is rigid and redistributes the epithelial layers of the cornea from the center to the periphery, creating a new corneal configuration. This change not only improves image focusing in the macular area of the retina, but also creates a “myopic defocus” in the peripheral areas of the visual field. This phenomenon sends a signal to the central nervous system, inhibiting the growth in length of the eyeball and thus the progression of myopia. The effect of these lenses lasts throughout the day, so patients do not need glasses or contact lenses during the day. For effective correction and stabilization of myopia, lenses need to be worn for 8-10 hours each night. Sleeping fewer hours or during the day may reduce their effect. Orthokeratologic lenses are particularly useful for patients with moderate or severe myopia. Patients with myopia less than -1.00 diopters may notice a significant improvement in vision after the first night. In contrast, those with more severe myopia, e.g. -3.75 diopters combined with astigmatism, may require several days of regular lens wear to achieve the desired results. An important aspect is discipline in wearing orthokeratologic lenses. Patients must strictly follow instructions on hygiene and handling of the lenses to avoid the risk of eye infections. Also, in case of infectious disease, it is recommended to temporarily discontinue the use of lenses and to use glasses with partial correction. Multicenter studies conducted over the years, including in Asian countries where the incidence of myopia is very high, have demonstrated the effectiveness of orthokeratologic lenses in stabilizing myopia in the long term. However, the success of this treatment depends to a large extent on adherence to the rules of use and constant patient monitoring. When worn correctly and under specialist supervision, orthokeratologic lenses are a safe and effective method of myopia control, offering patients a comfortable alternative to traditional vision correction.
Ortho-K Lenses Correct Myopia and Astigmatism without Glasses or Day Lenses
